Haematococcus pluvialis: A Microalga Rich in Pigments
Haematococcus pluvialis is a species of green microalga known for producing the red pigment astaxanthin, a natural antioxidant compound. It is found in freshwater environments, often thriving in ponds, lakes, and temporary rainwater pools.
Under normal conditions, the alga appears green due to chlorophyll. However, when exposed to stress factors such as high light intensity, nutrient depletion, or salinity changes, it accumulates astaxanthin, turning red in color. This adaptation helps protect the cells from environmental stress.
Key characteristics of Haematococcus pluvialis include:
Single-celled freshwater microalga
Produces astaxanthin under stress conditions
Undergoes color change from green to red
Used in biological and environmental research
Because of its ability to produce valuable pigments, Haematococcus pluvialis is studied for its biological, ecological, and biochemical properties.